The Benefits of a 1-3-1 Power Play

Special teams often determine the outcome of hockey games, and one of the most effective

power play formations used at every level today is the 1-3-1 setup. From the NHL to youth hockey, this structure maximizes puck movement, creates high-percentage scoring chances, and forces penalty killers into difficult decisions. Let’s break down why the 1-3-1 has become the go-to formation and what benefits it brings to your team’s man-advantage.

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1. Creates Multiple Passing Lanes

The beauty of the 1-3-1 is how it naturally opens up options. With one player on the point, three across the middle, and a net-front presence, there are always at least two strong passing lanes available. This keeps the puck moving quickly and makes it difficult for penalty killers to anticipate or block plays. Constant puck movement leads to breakdowns and high-danger opportunities.

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2. Maximizes the “Bumper” Role

The bumper (the player in the middle slot) is a unique advantage of the 1-3-1. Positioned between the defense and the net-front player, the bumper can tip, deflect, one-touch passes, or quickly redirect the puck back out. This spot is incredibly hard to defend because penalty killers must respect both the shot threat and the distribution ability. A skilled bumper player can be the difference between a stagnant and a lethal power play.

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3. Creates Dangerous One-Timer Opportunities

The 1-3-1 sets up prime one-timer lanes for both flanks. With left- and right-handed shooters on opposite sides, teams can set up quick cross-ice passes that stretch the penalty kill box and leave goalies scrambling. The famous “Ovechkin one-timer” from the left circle is a perfect example of how deadly this setup can be.

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4. Keeps Penalty Killers in Constant Motion

Because the puck is so easily rotated from the top, through the bumper, down low, and across the flanks, the penalty killers can’t just sit back. They’re forced to move, chase, and adjust. That extra movement leads to fatigue, defensive mistakes, and, eventually, high-quality scoring chances.

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5. Encourages Creativity and Flexibility

Unlike some rigid power play structures, the 1-3-1 allows players to interchange positions seamlessly. The bumper can slide low, the flank can rotate high, and the point man can drift to either side to create a shooting lane. This flexibility keeps the look fresh and unpredictable, giving your team the freedom to adjust to the penalty kill’s weaknesses in real time.

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Final Thoughts

The 1-3-1 power play is popular for a reason: it’s dynamic, adaptable, and difficult to defend. By creating multiple passing lanes, utilizing the bumper role, generating one-timer opportunities, and forcing penalty killers to move, it consistently puts teams in a position to score. If your team is looking to modernize its power play or add structure to its man-advantage, the 1-3-1 formation is one of the most effective tools you can implement.